What Is a Bunion?
A bunion, also called hallux valgus, forms when the bones in the front of the foot shift out of alignment and the big toe angles toward the second toe. As the joint moves outward, a bony prominence develops at the base of the big toe. A similar deformity at the base of the little toe is often called a bunionette or tailor’s bunion.
What Causes Bunions?
Bunions often run in families because inherited foot structure plays a major role. Tight, narrow, pointed, or high-heeled shoes can increase pressure on the forefoot and worsen symptoms. Arthritis, inflammatory joint disease, and repetitive forefoot stress may also contribute to bunion development or progression.
Symptoms
Common symptoms include a visible bump at the base of the big toe, pain or tenderness at the joint, swelling, redness, warmth, calluses where toes rub together, restricted motion of the big toe, pain under the ball of the foot, and difficulty finding comfortable shoes.
Treatment at DFW Foot and Ankle
Treatment begins with a careful evaluation of foot structure, joint motion, pain level, footwear, and activity needs. Conservative care may include wide toe-box shoes, padding, taping, anti-inflammatory measures, custom orthotics to improve pressure distribution, and MLS laser therapy to reduce inflammation and pain. These options can often reduce symptoms and slow irritation, but they do not permanently reverse the structural deformity.
When Surgery May Be Considered
Surgery may be considered when bunion pain limits daily activities, conservative care is no longer effective, or the deformity continues to interfere with footwear and function. Dr. Suh can explain appropriate surgical options based on the severity of the bunion, overall foot mechanics, and patient goals.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can a bunion go away without surgery?
The bony deformity usually does not disappear without surgery, but pain and inflammation can often be managed conservatively.
What shoes are best for bunions?
Shoes with a wide, rounded toe box and supportive structure are generally best. Narrow or pointed shoes often worsen pressure.
Can bunions cause other problems?
Yes. Bunions can contribute to hammertoes, calluses, ball-of-foot pain, second toe irritation, and altered walking mechanics.